Geometric characteristics and evolution of channel-levee system in Upper India Fan since the Miocene

Taking the Miocene Upper Indian fan channel-levee system as the research object, we used high-precision two-dimensional seismic data to carry out seismic fine interpretation and geometric analysis, depicted the geometric characteristics of the channel-levee system and the spatio-temporal evolution process, and discussed the main stages and characteristics of the development and evolution of the Miocene Upper Indian fan. Results show that the Miocene Upper India fan channel-levee system can be divided into three developmental phases: the Miocene, the Pliocene, and the Pleistocene to present. The channel-levee system evolved from “single-phase channel–lateral migration–flat type” to “multi-phase channel–vertical stacking–thick-narrow type”.An in-depth discussion of the geometric characteristics and evolution of channel-levee system in Upper India Fan since the Miocene can provide new examples for the study of the sedimentary architecture of gravity flow channels, and provide reference for deep-sea oil and gas exploration and development.