Distribution pattern and source of 137Cs in the sediment cores from the Liao River Estuary
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
137Cs activities are measured for the 17 sediment cores collected from the coastal zones of the Liao River in order to disclose the distribution patterns and geochemical behaviors of 137Cs. It is found that 137Cs activity concentrations in the surface sediments vary in a significant spatial range from 1.03±1.01 to 15.68±1.13 mBq/g around an average of 6.727±0.251 mBq/g(1σ) attributing to the changes in vegetation types. Highest 137Cs activity concentration (15.686±1.131 mBq/g) is observed in the sediment core of Z-9 where reeds predominate natural vegetation and human activity is rare. The vertical distribution pattern of 137Cs activity concentrations falls into three categories, one-peak curve, two-peak curve and irregular curve. For the two-peak curves of 137Cs activity concentration, there is a sub-peak of 137Cs activity concentration in the sediment profiles except the maximum of 137Cs. As to the irregular curves of 137Cs (LH-15, LH-18), the 137Cs activity concentrations decreases from the sub-layer to the bottom and part of the surface sediment was missing, or for another possibility bottom sediment was putting on the surface layer by anthropogenic activities Sedimentation rates are calculated with the initial 137Cs appearance value (1954) up to the maximum value (1963) of the sediment cores. The average value of sedimentation rates (0.48 to 1.63 cm/a) deduced from 137Cs maximum value seem to be lower than the rates (0.51 to 1.77 cm/a) calculated from 137Cs initial appearance. The 137Cs inventories vary from 980±46 to 6094±92 Bq/m2, with an average of 2278±42 Bq/m2. Furthermore, the average 137Cs inventories of the study are higher than the global fallout flux 1310 Bq/m2 (137Cs activity was decay corrected to 2015). This result clearly indicates that the 137Cs atmospheric precipitation is the main source of 137Cs in the region of Liao River Estuary.
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