THE MICROTOPOGRAPHIC FEATURES AND GAS SEEP MODEL ON THE SLOPE IN THE NORTHEASTERN SOUTH CHINA SEA
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摘要: 海底天然气渗漏是海洋环境中广泛分布的自然现象,在世界各大洋中都有发现。海底渗漏可以极大地改变海底地貌特征,形成多种与之相关的微地貌类型。海底渗漏和天然气水合物的赋存具有密切的关系,海底渗漏区常伴有埋藏浅、饱和度高的天然气水合物。对南海东北部陆坡海域浅地层剖面、多波束测探和地震反射剖面等资料进行综合研究,识别出海底麻坑、海底丘状体、大型海底圆丘、泥火山等与海底天然气渗漏有关的微地貌类型,且麻坑、海底丘状体/大型海底圆丘、泥火山微地貌分别代表了浅覆盖层快速天然气渗漏、浅覆盖层中等速度天然气渗漏和厚覆盖层快速天然气渗漏3种天然气渗漏模式。具有海底丘状体微地貌及声空白反射特征的浅层天然气聚集带,成为块状水合物最理想的发育场所,这可能称为南海北部陆坡勘察块状水合物的重要识别标志。Abstract: Submarine gas seepage is rather popular in marine environment. It has been found almost in all the oceans. Submarine gas seep could greatly alter the seafloor topography and produce the seeping-related microtopographies. Submarine gas seepage is an indicator of gas hydrate occurrence. Shallowly buried gas hydrate always occur in submarine gas seepage areas. Sub-bottom profiles,multi-beam geomorphologic data, and seismic data on the slope in northeastern South China Sea were interpreted together, and pockmarks, submarine domes, Large-scale submarine hummocks, Mud volcanoes and Authigenic carbonate mounds were identified. Our studies show that the pockmark may indicate a thin-bed and high-speed gas seepagee, the submarine dome or large-scale submarine hummock may indicate a thin-bed and midium-speed gas seepage, and the mud volcano may indicate a thick-bed and high-speed gas seeage. Submarine domes together with acoustic blank indicate the areas where gas accumulated in shallow strata and may be favorable for formation of the block-hydrate.
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