Evaluation of hydrocarbon preservation on the Laoshan uplift
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摘要: 崂山隆起位于南黄海盆地中部，海相中-古生界分布广泛且厚度大，其构造演化经历了加里东、海西、印支、燕山和喜山等多期构造运动，早期油气聚集可能在后期受到不同程度的破坏，因此，油气保存条件是崂山隆起油气勘探能否取得突破的关键因素。通过综合分析构造运动中抬升剥蚀作用和断裂作用与油气保存的关系，以及盖层条件与油气保存的关系，探讨崂山隆起内部油气保存条件的差异性以指导该区油气勘探。结果表明：崂山隆起呈差异性油气保存特点，位于崂山隆起中南部的高石稳定带是一个早期断裂不发育的弱变形区，后期构造运动改造破坏程度较弱，特别是下古生界具备较为优越的生储盖组合，构造多以断背斜和低幅宽缓背斜为主，发育多个大型圈闭，岩浆活动相对较弱，油气保存条件较为优越；而崂山隆起北部的青峰变形带断裂系统发育，地层褶皱变形强烈，单个圈闭规模较小，油气保存条件相对较差；高石稳定带中南部是进一步油气勘探和调查参数井钻探的重点目标区。Abstract: The Laoshan uplift is located in the middle of the South Yellow Sea basin, on which thick Mesozoic-Paleozoic marine sequences are widely distributed. Tectonically, it has suffered many times of tectonic movements, such as the Caledonian, Hercynian, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan. Early hydrocarbon accumulation might have been damaged to certain degrees by the tectonic movements. Therefore, the hydrocarbon preservation conditions are the key factors for the breakthrough of hydrocarbon exploration on the uplift. In this study, the relationship of hydrocarbon preservation with tectonic movements as well as that with cap-rock property is discussed. The differences in hydrocarbon preservation conditions on the Laoshan uplift are analyzed for hydrocarbon exploration in that area. The results show that the Gaoshi Stable Zone in the middle and southern part of the Laoshan uplift is a weak deformation zone. The lower Paleozoic of the zone is mainly composed of large traps, magmatic activity is relatively weak, and hydrocarbon preservation conditions are superior. However, in the Qingfeng deformation zone in the northern part of the uplift, the fractures and folds are strong, and the individual traps are small in scale and thus the hydrocarbon preservation conditions are relatively poor. In conclusion, the middle and southern parts of the Gaoshi stabilization zone are the key target areas for further oil and gas exploration.
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图 1 南黄海及邻区大地构造位置略图
Figure 1. Tectonic map showing location of the South Yellow Sea Basin and adjacent area
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图 2 南黄海崂山隆起海相地层特征
(a)地层柱状图；(b)地层残留厚度图；(c)地层划分图
Figure 2. Characteristics of marine strata on Laoshan uplift of South Yellow Sea basin
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图 4 崂山隆起断裂系统与次级构造带
Figure 4. Fault system and secondary tectonic belt of the Laoshan Uplift
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图 5 CSDP-2井古生界盖层特征
(a)下志留统高家边组岩性特征；(b)上二叠统龙潭-大隆组岩性特征；(c)高家边组灰色、灰黑色泥岩(2813.88~2818.68m)；(d)龙潭组灰色、灰黑色粉砂质泥岩(1569.28~1574.08m)
Figure 5. Cores of Palaeozoic cap-rock of the Well CSDP-2
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