云南属都湖流域人类活动的湖泊沉积响应

姚远; 张恩楼; 沈吉; 蒋庆丰

云南属都湖流域人类活动的湖泊沉积响应

1 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所, 南京 210008;
2 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049

基金项目:

国家自然科学重点基金项目(40331003)

国家杰出青年基金项目(40625007)

国家自然科学基金项目(40402015)

详细信息

作者简介:
姚远(1977-),男,博士生,从事第四纪地质与环境研究,E-mail:yyao@niglas.ac.cn

中图分类号: P539.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 1460
- HTML全文浏览量: 127
- PDF下载量: 8
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2007-05-25
- 修回日期: 2007-08-19

HUMAN ACTIVITIES INDICATED BY LACUSTRINE DEPOSITION IN THE REGION OF SHUDU LAKE

1 Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Scienses, Nanjing 210008, China;
2 Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

摘要

摘要: 通过对属都湖Esdr1孔沉积物粒度、磁化率等指标研究,利用¹³⁷Cs建立年代标尺,结合文献和降水数据讨论了人类活动对湖泊沉积环境的影响。结果表明:17~14 cm (1958-1970年)沉积物中粗颗粒的砂含量和磁化率值急剧增加,分析应是20世纪50年代末流域大面积砍伐森林,强烈的水土流失所致;14~8 cm (1970-1988年)沉积物粒径变细,磁化率值降低,指示流域植被逐渐恢复,流域侵蚀减弱;8~0 cm (1988年至今)沉积物黏土含量升高、砂含量降低,应是湖泊出口处修建的水坝改变了湖泊水动力条件所致。
- 湖泊沉积 /
- 粒度 /
- 磁化率 /
- 人类活动 /
- 沉积响应
Abstract: A sediment core Esdr1 from Shudu lake was analyzed for grain size and magnetism. Accurate sediment chronology was established by ¹³⁷Cs. By comparing the grain-size and magnetism proxies to document and precipitation data, we discussed the influence of disafforestation and dam on depositional environment. Both magnetic susceptibility and grain-size proxies increase remarkably at 17~14 cm(1958-1970) depth. Precipitation data reveal a decrease during this period. But county annals record that there was intense disafforestation from 1958 to 1963. Vegetation cover deterioration will lead to serious erosion in drainage area. More sand and silt transport to lake,which causes grain-size and magnetic susceptibility values to increase. Both precipitation and constructing dam affect lake sediment composition. The precipitation increased from 1988 to 2002. A dam was constructed at the lake outlet in 1988,which enlarged lake area. Finer sediments deposited with streamflow disappearance. Although precipitation slightly increased from 1988 to 2002,it is obvious that dam construction has more influence on lake sediment environment. It may be why grain size in Esdr1 core became finer at 8~0 cm depth (1988-2002).
- lacustrine sediment /
- grain size /
- magnetic susceptibility /
- human activities /
- deposition

HTML全文

参考文献(14)

[1]	王苏民,张振克. 中国湖泊沉积与环境演变研究的新进展[J]. 科学通报,1999,44(6):583-584. [WANG Su-ming,ZHANG Zhen-ke. New progress of study in environmental evolution and lacustrine sedimentation,China[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin,1999, 44(6):583-584.]
[2]	沈吉,王苏民,Matsumoto R,等. 内蒙古岱海古水温定量恢复及其古气候意义[J]. 中国科学D辑, 2001, 31(12):1017-1023. [SHEN Ji, WANG Su-min, Matsumoto R, et al. Quantitative reconstruction of the lake water paleotemperature of Daihai Lake, Inner Mongolia, China and its significance in paleoclimate[J]. Science in China (Series D), 2001, 31(12):1017-1023.]
[3]	段志诚,彭发生,松秀清,等. 中甸县志[M]. 云南:云南民族出版社,1997:80-85.[DUAN Zhi-cheng,PENG Fa-sheng,SONG Xiu-qing,et al. Zhongdian County Annals[M]. Yunnan:Yunnan National Press, 1997:80 -85.]
[4]	万国江. ¹³⁷Cs及²¹⁰Pbex方法湖泊沉积计年研究新进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 1995, 10(2):88-92. [WAN Guo-jiang. Progress on ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pbex dating of lake sediments[J]. Advance in Earth Sciences, 1995, 10(2):188-192.]
[5]	万国江.现代沉积年分辨的¹³⁷Cs计年——以云南洱海和贵州红枫湖为例[J]. 第四纪研究, 1999,19(1):73-80. [WAN Guo-jiang. ¹³⁷Cs dating by annual distinguish for recent sedimentation:Samples from Erhai Lake and Hongfeng Lake[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 1999,19(1):73-80.]
[6]	类延斌,张成君,尚华明,等. 青藏高原东北部希门错湖岩心粒度特征及其环境意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006, 26(3):31-38. [LEI Yan-bin,ZHANG Cheng-jun,SHANG Hua-ming,et al. The grain size characteristics of Ximencuo lake core in the northeast Tibet Plateau and its environmental significance[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Gelology, 2006, 26(3):31-38.]
[7]	成都地质学院陕北队. 沉积岩(物)粒度分析及其应用[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1978.[Shanbei Team of Chengdu Geological College. Sediment Grain Size Analysis and Its Application[M]. Beijing:Geologic Publishing House,1978.]
[8]	陈敬安,万国江,徐经意. 洱海沉积物粒度记录与气候干湿变迁[J]. 沉积学报, 2000, 18(3):341-345. [CHEN Jing-an,WAN Guo-jiang,XU Jing-yi. Sediment particle sizes and the dry-humid transformation of the regional climate in Erhai lake[J]. Acta Sedimentologic Sinica,2000, 18(3):341-345.]
[9]	刘兴起,王苏民,沈吉. 青海湖QH-2000钻孔沉积物粒度组成的古气候古环境意义[J]. 湖泊科学, 2003, 15(6):112-117. [LIU Xing-qi, WANG Su-min, SHEN Ji. The grain-size of the core QH-2000 in Qinghai lake and its implication for paleoclimate and paleoenvironment[J]. Joural of Lake Science, 2003, 15(6):112-117.]
[10]	Celina Campel1.Late Holocene lake sedimentology and climate change in southern Alberta,Canada[J].Quaternary Research,1997(49):96-101.
[11]	张振克,吴瑞金,朱育新,等. 云南洱海流域人类活动的湖泊沉积记录分析[J]. 地理学报, 2000, 55(1):66-74. [ZHANG Zhen-ke, WU Rui-jin, ZHU Yu-xin,et al. Lacustrine record of human activities in the catchment of Erhai lake,Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,2003, 15(6):112-117.]
[12]	Thompson R,Oldfield F. Environmental Magnetism[M].London:Allen and Unwin, 1986.
[13]	刘洋,李春阳. 植被因子对水土流失的影响[J]. 世界科技研究与发展,2005,27(5):89-92. [LIU Yang,LI Chun-yang. The impact of plant factor on water and soil erosion[J]. World Science-Technology R&D,2005, 27(5):89-92.]
[14]	韦红波,李锐,杨勤科. 我国植被水土保持功能研究进展[J]. 植物生态学报, 2002, 26(4):489-496. [WEI Hong-bo, LI Rui,YANG Qin-ke. Research advances of vegetation effect on soil and water conservation in China[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2002, 26(4):489-496.]