长江三角洲晚第四纪沉积地质学研究述评

王国庆; 石学法; 李从先

长江三角洲晚第四纪沉积地质学研究述评

1 海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室, 青岛 266061;
2 同济大学海洋与地球科学学院, 上海 200092

基金项目:

国家海洋局908专项"重要三角洲演变规律及重大事件的沉积记录与可持续发展研究"专题

国家海洋局908专项"CJ11区块海底底质调查与研究"专题

详细信息

作者简介:
王国庆(1976-),男,博士,主要从事三角洲沉积地质学研究,E-mail:gqwang@fio.org.cn

中图分类号: P736.2
计量
- 文章访问数: 1923
- HTML全文浏览量: 121
- PDF下载量: 20
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2006-07-18
- 修回日期: 2006-09-11

A REVIEW ON LATE QUATERNARY SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY OF THE YANGTZE RIVER DELTA

1 Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China;
2 Department of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要

摘要: 长江三角洲已有的晚第四纪沉积地质学研究成果阐明了区域内晚第四纪沉积分区和沉积序列,建立了层序地层格架及其内部构型,对千年级和百年级事件沉积进行了初步探讨,总结出了长江三角洲发育模式和控制因素。但同时仍有一些涉及长江三角洲沉积和演化的重要问题尚未得到很好的阐述。目前,对末次冰盛期的长江三角洲存在与否尚存在较大分歧,长江古河口湾向三角洲的转换机制与模式尚不清楚,三角洲系统"源到汇"的研究尚未开展,长江三角洲对人类活动的响应也刚受到重视。对这些问题的探讨,需要以沉积地质学的手段对海区三角洲进行精细解剖。目前,长江三角洲沉积地质学研究中存在着陆区三角洲研究程度高、海区三角洲研究程度低的现状,因此,进一步的研究需在海区三角洲加大力度。
- 沉积地质学 /
- 晚第四纪 /
- 长江三角洲
Abstract: Late Quaternary strata of the Yangtze River delta are divided into three sedimentary areas,namely the incised-valley area, and northern and southern parts of interfluve areas. In these areas, stratigraphic frameworks are quite different,reflecting different processes of the post-glacial transgression. From the viewpoint of sequence stratigraphy, all the late Quaternary strata of the Yangtze River delta belong to a six-order sequence, which stretches across the shelf of the East China Sea. In the Yangtze River delta, different superimposing patterns of lowstand systems tract, transgressive systems tract and highstand systems tract were recognized between land and subaqueous parts of the delta. Sediments formed during the Younger Dryas event and by storm surges and periodic tides in the Yangtze River delta were also been identified by preliminary study on millennial and centennial geological events. Based on the sedimentary geological investigation, the sedimentation pattern of the Yangtze River delta was summarized, implying the late Quaternary development of the Yangtze River delta was controlled by continuous subsidence and sediment supply.
There are still several crucial questions unsolved in the sedimentary geology of the late Quaternary Yangtze River delta. First of all, existence of the Yangtze River delta during last glacial proximal was still a controversy. Secondly, the transition pattern and model of the paleo-Yangtze estuary to the Yangtze delta were not elucidated clearly. Thirdly, the concepts of "source to sink" have not been applied to systematic sedimentary geological research on the Yangtze River delta. At last,the influence of human activity on the Yangtze River delta has just been noticed in recent decades. Further researches on these above key issues are fundamentally based on the sedimentary geological study on the subaqueous part of the Yangtze River delta. Furthermore, the subaqueous part of delta has been less studied compared to the land part of the delta at present. Therefore, emphasis should be placed on the subaqueous part in the future sedimentary geological study on the Yangtze River delta.
- sedimentary geology /
- late Quaternary /
- Yangtze River delta

HTML全文

参考文献(52)

[1]	Milliman J D, Meade R H. World-wide delivery of river sediments to the ocean[J]. Journal of Geology, 1983, 91:1-21.
[2]	Li C X. Deltaic sedimentation[C]//Ren M E, ed. Modern sedimentation in coastal and nearshore zone of China. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1986:253-378.
[3]	秦蕴珊,赵一阳,陈丽蓉,等. 东海地质[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1987.[QIN Yun-shan, ZHAO Yi-yang, CHEN Li-rong, et al. Geology of the East China Sea[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1987.]
[4]	秦蕴珊,赵松龄. 晚更新世以来长江水下三角洲的沉积结构与环境变迁[J]. 沉积学报,1987,5(3):105-112. [QIN Yun-shan, ZHAO Song-ling. Sedimentary structure and environmental evolution of submerged delta of Changjiang River since Late Pleistocene[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1987, 5(3):105-112.]
[5]	黄慧珍,唐保根,杨文达,等. 长江三角洲沉积地质学[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1996.[HUANG Hui-zhen, TANG Bao-gen, YANG Wen-da, et al. Sedimentary geology study of the Yangtze River Delta[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1996.]
[6]	袁迎如. 长江三角洲海区的浅层地震层序[J]. 沉积学报,1986,4(4):65-72. [YANG Ying-ru, Shallow seismic sequences in the sea area of Yangtze River Delta[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1986, 4(4):65-72.]
[7]	任美锷. 地理科学研究的理论和实践——以长江三角洲为例[J]. 地球科学进展,2004,19(2):169-172. [Ren Mei-e. Geographical science system:theory and application[J]. Advance in Earth Science, 2004, 19(2):169-172.]
[8]	李从先,杨守业,范代读,等. 三峡大坝建成后长江输沙量的减少及其对长江三角洲的影响[J]. 第四纪研究,2004,24(5):495-500. [LI Cong-xian, YANG Shou-ye, FAN Dai-du, et al. The change in Changjiang suspended load and its impact on the delta after completion of Three-Gorge dam[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2004, 24(5):495-500.]
[9]	李从先,汪品先. 长江晚第四纪河口地层学研究[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1998.[LI Cong-xian, WANG Pin-xian. Late Quaternary stratigraphy of the Yangtze delta[M]. Beijing:China Science Press, 1998.]
[10]	Li C X, Wang P, Sun H P, et al. Late Quaternary incised-valley fill of the Yangtze delta (China):its stratigraphic framework and evolution[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2002, 152:133-150.
[11]	Zhang G J, Li C X. The fills and stratigraphic sequences in the Qiantangjiang incised paleovalley, China[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 1996, 66(2):406-414.
[12]	Chen Z Y, Song B P, Wang Z H, et al. Late Quaternary evolution of the sub-aqueous Yangtze Delta, China:sedimentation, stratigraphy, palynology, and deformation[J]. Marine Geology, 2000, 162:423-441.
[13]	李从先,陈庆强,范代读,等. 末次冰期以来长江三角洲地区的沉积相和古地理[J].古地理学报,1999,1(4):12-25. [LI Cong-xian, CHEN Qing-qiang, FAN Dai-du, et al. Palaeogeography and palaeoenvironment in Changjiang delta since last glaciation[J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 1999, 1(4):12-25.]
[14]	邓兵,吴国瑄,李从先. 长江三角洲晚第四纪古土壤的古环境及古气候信息[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(2):1-8. [DENG Bing, WU Guo-xuan, LI Cong-xian. Paleoenvironment and paleoclimate characteristics of late Quaternary paleosol in the Yangtze River delta area[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2003, 23(2):1-8.]
[15]	Hori K, Saito Y, Zhao Q H, et al. Sedimentary facies and Holocene progradation rates of the Changjiang (Yangtze) delta, China[J]. Geomorphology, 2001, 41:233-248.
[16]	唐保根. 东海陆架第四纪地层层序的初步研究[J]. 上海地质,1996(2):22-30.[TANG Bao-gen. Preliminary study on the Quaternary stratigraphic sequence in the continental shelf of the East China Sea[J]. Shanghai Geology, 1996 (2):22-30.]
[17]	李从先,张桂甲. 晚第四纪长江三角洲高分辨率层序地层学的初步研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1996,16(3):13-24. [LI Cong-xian, ZHANG Gui-jia. A primary study on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy of late Quaternary in the Yangtze River delta area[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1996, 16(3):13-24.]
[18]	覃建雄,杨作升,梁卫,等. 东海陆架全新统高分辨率层序地层学研究[J]. 岩相古地理,1998,18(6):11-26. [QIN Jian-xiong, YANG Zuo-sheng, LIANG Wei, et al. High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Holocene strata on the East China Sea shelf[J]. Sedimentary Facies and Palaeogeography, 1998, 18(6):11-26.]
[19]	Yang S Y, Li C X. Elemental compositions and monazite age patterns of core sediments in the Changjiang Delta:Implications for sediment provenance and development history of the Changjiang River[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2006, 245(3-4):762-776.
[20]	Wang P X, Bian Y H, Li B H, et al. The Younger Dryas in the West Pacific marginal seas[J]. Science in China (Series D), 1996, 39(5):522-532.
[21]	许世远,邵虚生,陈中原,等. 长江三角洲风暴沉积系列研究[J]. 中国科学B辑,1989,32(7):767-773. [XU Shi-yuan, SHAO Xu-sheng, CHEN Zhong-yuan, et al. Study on storm sedimentary sequence of the Yangtze River Delta[J]. Science in China (Series B), 1989, 32(7):767-773.]
[22]	范代读,李从先,邓兵,等. 潮汐周期在潮坪沉积中的记录[J]. 同济大学学报,2002,30(3):281-285. [FAN Dai-du, LI Cong-xian, DENG Bing, et al. Tidal cycles recorded in tidal-flat deposits[J]. Journal of Tongji University, 2002, 30(3):281-285.]
[23]	王靖泰,郭蓄民,许世远,等. 全新世长江三角洲的发育[J].地质学报,1981,55(1):26-30. [WANG Jing-tai, GUO Xu-min, XU Shi-yuan, et al. Evolution of the Holocene Yangtze Delta[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 1981, 55(1):26-30.]
[24]	吴标云,李从先. 长江三角洲第四纪地质[M].北京:海洋出版社,1987.[WU Biao-yun, LI Cong-xian. Quaternary Geology of the Yangtze Delta[M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1987.]
[25]	虞志英. 长江三角洲新构造运动[C]//陈吉余,沈焕庭,恽才兴,等. 长江河口动力过程和地貌演变. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,1988:19-30.[YU Zhi-ying. The Neostructure movement in the Changjiang River delta[C]//CHEN Ji-yu, SHEN Huan-ting, YUN Cai-xing, et al, eds. Processes of dynamics and geomorphology of the Changjiang estuary. Shanghai:Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers,1988:19 -30.]
[26]	李保华,李从先,沈焕庭. 冰后期长江三角洲沉积通量的初步研究[J]. 中国科学D辑,2002,32(9):776-782. [LI Bao-hua, LI Cong-xian, SHEN Huan-ting. Preliminary study on postglacial sediment flux of the Yangtze River Delta[J]. Science in China (Series D), 2002, 32(9):776-782.]
[27]	沈涣庭. 长江河口物质通量[M]. 北京:海洋出版社,2001.[SHEN Huan-ting. Material flux of the Changjiang estuary[M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 2001.]
[28]	赵松龄. 长江三角洲地区的第四纪地质问题[J].海洋科学,1984(5):15-21.[ZHAO Song-ling. On the Quaternary geological problem of Changjiang (Yangtze River) delta region[J]. Marine Sciences, 1984 (5):15-21.]
[29]	夏东兴,刘振夏. 末次冰期盛期长江入海流路探讨[J]. 海洋学报,2001,23(5):87-94. [XIA Dong-xing, LIU Zhen-xia. Tracing the Changjiang River's flowing route entering the sea during the last ice age maximum[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2001, 23(5):87-94.]
[30]	刘振夏,Berne S,L'ATALANTE科学考察组. 东海陆架的古河道和古三角洲[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2000,20(1):9-14. [LIU Zhen-xia, Berne S, the L'ATALANTE Scientific Party. Paleochannels and paleodeltas in the continental shelf of the East China Sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2000, 20(1):9-14.]
[31]	李从先,张桂甲. 末次冰期时存在入海的长江吗?[J]. 地理学报,1995,50(5):459-463. [LI Cong-xian, ZHANG Gui-jia. A sea-running Changjiang river during the last glaciation?[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1995, 50(5):459-463.]
[32]	袁迎如. 东海大陆架外部的晚更新世晚期长江河口[J]. 海洋学报,1992,14(6):52-60. [YUAN Ying-ru. The Late Quaternary Yangtze River estuary located on outer shelf of the East China Sea[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 1992, 14(6):52-60.]
[33]	Wellner R W, Bartek L R. The effect of sea level, and shelf physiography on the development of incised-valley complexes:a modern example from the East China Sea[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2003, 73(6):926-940.
[34]	李绍全,李双林,陈正新,等. 东海外陆架EA01孔末次冰期最盛期的三角洲沉积[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22(3):19-26. [LI Shao-quan, LI Shuang-lin, CHEN Zheng-xin, et al. Deltaic sedimentary sequences developed during last glacial maximum in the EA01 core on the outer shelf of the East China Sea[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2002, 22(3):19-26.]
[35]	Berne S, Vagner P, Liu Z X, et al. Pleistocene forced regressions and sand ridges in the East China Sea[J]. Marine Geology, 2002, 188:293-315.
[36]	刘振夏,Berne S,L'ATALANTE科学考察组. 中更新世以来东海陆架的古环境[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(2):1-10. [LIU Zhen-xia, Berne S, the L'ATALANTE Scientific Party. Paleo-environment in the continental shelf of the East China Sea since the mid-Pleistocene[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1999, 19(2):1-10.]
[37]	Liu Z X, Berne S, Saito Y, et al. Quaternary seismic stratigraphy and paleoenvironments on the continental shelf of the East China Sea[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 2000, 18:441-452.
[38]	Dalrymple R W, Zaitlin B A, Boyd R. Estuarine facies models:conceptual basis and stratigraphic implications[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1992, 62:1130-1146.
[39]	Roberts H H, Coleman J M. Holocene evolution of the deltaic plain:a perspective from Fisk to present[J]. Engineering Geology, 1996, 45:113-138.
[40]	Amorosi A, Milli S. Late Quaternary depositional architecture of Po and Tevere river deltas (Italy) and worldwide comparison with coeval deltaic successions[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2001, 144:357-375.
[41]	Woodroffe C D, Mulrennan M E, Chappell J. Estuarine infill and coastal progradation, southern van Diemen Gulf, northern Australia[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 1993, 83:257-275.
[42]	Heap A D, Bryce S, Ryan D A. Facies evolution of Holocene estuaries and deltas:a large-sample statistical study from Australia[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2004, 168:1-17.
[43]	Driscoll N, Nittrouer C. Source to sink studies[J]. Margins Newsletter, 2000, 5:1-3.
[44]	Goodbred Jr. Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change:a source-to-sink view since the last interstade[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2003, 162:83-104.
[45]	李铁钢,曹奇原,李安春,等. 从源到汇:大陆边缘的沉积作用[J]. 地球科学进展,2003,18(5):713-721. [LI Tie-gang, CAO Qi-yuan, LI An-chun, et al. Source to sink:sedimentation in the continental margins[J]. Advance In Earthsciences, 2003, 18(5):713-721.]
[46]	Lindeboom H, Crossland C, Kremer H. Land-ocean interactions-towards LOICZ Ⅱ[J]. Global Change Newsletter, 2002, 50:24-30.
[47]	牛作民. 长江水下三角洲沉积环境的初步研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1983,3(3):13-16. [NIU Zuo-min. Preliminary study on sedimentary environment of the subaqueous Yangtze River Delta[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1983, 3(3):13-16.]
[48]	陈中原,章申民. 长江水下三角洲沉积特征与发展趋势[J]. 华东师范大学学报自然科学版,1989(1):103-112.[CHEN Zhong-yuan, ZHANG Shen-min. Sedimentary features and evolutionary trend of subaqueous Changjiang River Delta[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science), 1989 (1):103-112.]
[49]	袁迎如. 长江三角洲海区的浅层地震层序[J]. 沉积学报,1986,4(4):65-72. [YUAN Ying-ru. Shallow seismic sequences in the sea area of Yangtze River Delta[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1986, 4(4):65-72.]
[50]	杨文达. 全新世长江水下三角洲朵体及其发育特征[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1996,16(3):25-36. [YANG Wen-da. Holocene underwater lobes of the Yangtze River delta and their development features[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1996, 16(3):25-36.]
[51]	段凌云,王张华,李茂田,等. 长江口沉积物²¹⁰Pb分布及沉积环境解释[J]. 沉积学报,2005,23(3):514-522. [DUAN Ling-yun, WANG Zhang-hua, LI Mao-tian, et al. ²¹⁰Pb distribution of the Changjiang estuarine sediment and the implications to sedimentary environment[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2005, 23(3):514-522.]
[52]	庄克琳,毕世普,刘振夏,等. 长江水下三角洲的动力沉积[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25(2):1-9. [ZHUANG Ke-lin, BI Shi-pu, LIU Zhen-xia, et al. Dynamic sedimentation in the subaqueous Yangtze (Changjiang) delta[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2005, 25(2):1-9.]