CHARACTERISTICS OF TIDAL FLAT PROFILES IN THE YELLOW RIVER DELTA
-
摘要: 利用验潮、潮滩水准测量、沉积物分析和遥感资料,分析了黄河三角洲不同岸段潮滩的特征。水准测量表明,侵蚀潮滩剖面形态为下凹,而淤积潮滩则上凸,由高潮线至低潮线,潮滩沉积物均变粗,这种变粗趋势在北部侵蚀岸段和河口侧缘明显,在河口南侧稳定海岸则不明显。潮滩沉积物含水量为12.2%~32.2%,平均为21%,海滩表层沉积物不排水剪切强度在0.1~0.35 kg/cm2之间。受局限岸滩的平面形态和剖面形态受到周围大坝地形影响,具有和砂质海滩类似的形态,显示波浪对该潮滩的作用强烈,根据剖面测量结果与遥感图像,发现河口北侧有一个小的冲积扇。Abstract: Data from tidal gauges, tidal flat profiles and surface sediments analysis were used to study 3 different types of Yellow River delta coast. Particle size analysis shows that, from the mean high water level to low water level, sediments on all the profiles become coarser. The trend is more pronounced in the profiles near the river mouth and erosional coast than that in stable coast. The content of water in sediments ranges between 12.2% and 32.2%, and the shear stress between 0.25 and 0.35 kg/cm2. By integrating remote sensing images and profiles data with GIS, we get much knowledge about sediment dynamics of the delta tidal flat. The tidal flat that is controlled by man-made dykes shows common characteristics of a beach in profile shape and in planform. Its profile is concave-up and the planform is a curved dry/wet line facing dominant wave direction, which indicates strong influences of wave actions. A small crevasse-splay formation is seen on the tidal flat in the north part of the river mouth, where sediments are coarser than that at the other part and show dark fan shade in the remote sensing image. It is found that the low water line from the remote sensing images does not correspond with the field data.
-
-
[1] 杨作升,王涛.埕岛油田勘探开发海洋环境[M]. 青岛:青岛海洋大学出版社,1993:526-540.[YANG Zuo-sheng, WANG Tao. Exploration and development environment of Chengdao oil field[M]. Qingdao:Qingdao Ocean University Press, 1993.] [2] 臧启运. 黄河三角洲近岸泥沙[M]. 北京:海洋出版社,1996.[ZANG Qi-yun. Nearshore sediments of the Huanghe River Delta[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1996.] [3] 薛春汀,Eisma D, 成国栋,等. 黄河三角洲下三角洲平原沉积环境[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993, 13(1):33-40. [XUE Chun-ting, Eisma D, CHENG Guo-dong, et al. Depositional environment of lower delta plain of Yellow River Delta[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1993,13(1):33-40.]
[4] 薛允传,尹延鸿,高抒. 黄河三角洲北部潮间带沉积物的粒度特征[J]. 海洋科学,2001, 25(5):50-54. [XUE Yun-chuan, YIN Yan-hong, GAO Shu. Grain size characteristics of tidal flat sediments, northern Yellow River delta[J]. Marine Sciences, 2001, 25(5):50-54.]
[5] 尹延鸿,周永青,丁东. 现代黄河三角洲海岸演化研究[J]. 海洋通报,2004,23(2):32-40. [YIN Yan-hong, ZHOU Yong-qing, DING Dong. Evolution of Modern Yellow River Delta Coast[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2004, 23(2):32-40.]
[6] Kirby R. Effects of sea-level rise on muddy coastal margins[M]//Dynamics and Exchanges in Estuaries and the Coastal Zone. Coastal and Estuarines Studies. American Geophysical Union, Washington, D C, 1992, 311-334.
[7] 任于灿,丁东,董万. 黄河三角洲的蚀退[C]//黄河三角洲现代沉积作用及模式.北京:地质出版社,1991:70-71.[REN Yu-can, DING Dong, DONG Wan. Erosion of Yellow River Delta[C]//The Modern Sedimentation and Its Model on Yellow River Delta. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1991:70 -71.]
[8] 李培英. 海洋动力地貌[C]//黄河三角洲近岸泥沙. 北京:海洋出版社, 1996:74-85.[LI Pei-ying. Marine dynamical geomorphology[C]//Nearshore Sediments of Huanghe River Delta. Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1996:74 -85.]
[9] 杨世伦,徐海根. 长江口长兴、横山岛潮滩沉积特征及其影响机制[J].地理学报,1994, 49(5):449-456. [YANG Shi-lun, XU Hai-gen. Tidal flat sediments and sedimentation on the Changxing and Hensha Islands at the mouth of Changjiang River[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1994, 49(5):449-456.]
[10] Colin D, Woodrofe. Coasts:Form, Process and Evolution[M]. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002:392.
[11] 杨世伦,谢文辉,朱骏,等. 大河口潮滩地貌动力过程的研究——以长江口为例[J]. 地理学与国土资源研究,2001, 17(3):44-48. [YANG Shi-lun, XIE Wen-hui, ZHU Jun, et al. A study of intertidal flat morphodynamics of a large river mouth:Yangtze River Mouth[J]. Geography and Territorial Research, 2001, 17(3):44-48.]
[12] 虞志英, 张勇,金镠. 江苏北部开敞淤泥质海岸的侵蚀过程及防护[J]. 地理学报, 1994, 49(2):149-157. [YU Zhi-ying, ZHANG Yong, JIN Liu. 1994. The erosion process of open mud beach and its protection along the coast of northern Jiangsu[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1994, 49(2):149-157.]
[13] Paul D Komar. Beach Processes and Sedimentation[M]. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-hall, INC., 1976:249-252.
[14] 李安龙,李广雪,曹立华,等. 黄河三角洲废弃叶瓣海岸侵蚀与岸线演化[J]. 地理学报,2004, 59(5):731-737. [LI An-long, LI Guang-xue, CAO Li-hua, et al. The coast erosion and evolution of the abandoned lobe of the Yellow River Delta[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2004, 59(5):731-737.]
[15] 李永植. 论近代黄河三角洲的发育特征及其分类意义[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1993, 13(2):71-79. [LI Yong-zhi. On the evolution characteristics and its classification significance of modern Yellow River Delta[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1993, 13(2):71-79.]
[16] 范兆木,郭永盛. 黄河三角洲沿岸遥感动态分析图集[M].北京:海洋出版社,1992:74.[FAN Zhao-mu, GUO Yong-sheng. Remote Sensing Dynamic Analysis Maps of Yellow River Delta[M]. Beijing:China Ocean Press,1992. 74.]
计量
- 文章访问数: 1671
- HTML全文浏览量: 134
- PDF下载量: 10
下载:
