A study on the characteristic and its cause of topography and geomorphology of the South Yellow Sea
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摘要: 利用多年来大量的实际调查资料并结合以往的研究成果，对南黄海海底地形进行了分区研究，经过地貌分析、地貌单元识别，划分了地貌类型，并探讨了地形地貌的成因。结果表明，南黄海海底地形可以划分为6个地形单元，西部自北向南分别为山东半岛东部水下泥楔地形区、海州湾缓倾斜地形区和苏北岸外舌状地形区；中部纵列的两个地形区分别为平坦的浅海平原地形区和低洼的黄海槽地形区；东部为坡度较大的斜坡-沟槽地形区。海底总体地势由西、北、东三面向中部和东南方向缓慢倾斜，西部坡度比较平缓，东部相对较陡。地貌类型中规模较大的三级地貌有11种，黄海槽谷中心线以西以堆积、侵蚀-堆积地貌为主，以东以构造-堆积地貌为主；南黄海现代海底地形地貌的发育，主要受区域构造、海平面升降变化、海洋水动力和物源等因素控制。Abstract: In this paper, based on a large number of actual survey data over the years and combined with previous research results, the sea bottom topography and geomorphology of the South Yellow Sea are studied. The results show that the sea bottom topography of the South Yellow Sea is classified into 6 units. In the western South Yellow Sea, there are underwater mud wedge terrain area of east Shandong Peninsula, gentle-dipping terrain area in the Haizhou Bay and tongue-shaped terrain area off the coast of Jiangsu Province. In the middle South Yellow Sea, there are the terrain areas of shallow plain and the Yellow Sea Trough. And there is slope-trench terrain area in the eastern of South Yellow Sea. The sea bottom slops down gradually from west, north and east to the center and the south-east. The western slop is smooth terrain, but the eastern slop is relatively steep. There are 11 geomorphologic types on the sea bottom of the South Yellow Sea, dominated by accumulation, erosion-accumulation type of geomorphology in the west of the central line of the Yellow Sea Trough Valley, and in the east, dominated by tectono-accumulative geomorphology. The evolution of sea bottom topography and geomorphology of the South Yellow Sea is mainly controlled by regional structure, sea level fluctuation, ocean hydrodynamics and material sources.
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Keywords:
- topography /
- geomorphology /
- tidal sand ridge /
- Yellow Sea Trough /
- South Yellow Sea
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图 1 南黄海海底地形分区图
① —古洼地，②—古河谷，③—冲蚀沟槽，④—冲蚀谷，⑤—溺谷。
Figure 1. Geographical province map of the seafloor in South Yellow Sea
①-paleodepression, ②-paleo-valley, ③-erosion groove, ④-erosion valley, ⑤-drowned valley.
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图 3 南黄海地貌分区图
①—古洼地，②—古河谷，③—冲蚀沟槽，④—冲蚀谷，⑤—溺谷
Figure 3. Geomorphological province map of the seafloor in South Yellow Sea
①—paleodepression, ②—paleo-valley, ③—erosion groove, ④—erosion valley, ⑤—drowned valley
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表 1 南黄海地貌类型分级分类
Table 1 Classified list of geomorphological types in the South Yellow Sea
一级地貌 二级地貌 三级地貌 四级地貌 地貌类型 成因分析 大
陆
地
貌海岸带地貌 水下侵蚀-堆积岸坡 侵蚀和堆积 冲蚀沟槽 水下侵蚀-堆积浅滩 堆积和侵蚀 海湾堆积平原 堆积作用 水下构造台地 构造作用基础上侵蚀和堆积 溺谷 水下构造台坡 大陆架地貌 陆架侵蚀平原 侵蚀作用为主 古河谷、古洼地 陆架侵蚀洼地 潮流沙脊 古三角洲平原 堆积作用为主 冲蚀谷 陆架堆积平原 陆架侵蚀-堆积斜坡 堆积和侵蚀 冲蚀谷 潮流沙脊群 侵蚀和堆积 潮流沙脊、冲蚀沟槽 
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