FLAT OF CHONGMING ISLAND AND ITS IMPACTS ON THE SEDIMENT DISTRIBUTION
-
摘要: 崇明岛东滩潮沟系在盐沼带内特别发育,其形成与潮滩围垦工程和盐沼带的宽度密切相关。泥滩上潮沟的发育和演化与盐沼带潮盆大小、潮时(大小潮)和降雨量等相关,潮沟体系规模小,涨潮流不受其控制,退潮时潮沟成为主要泄水通道,未沉降的细悬浮颗粒和浮泥层在重力作用下向潮沟汇集,使潮沟内沉积物比滩面细。崇明岛东滩潮沟体系形成、演化及沉积物分布,完全不同于目前研究非常详细的欧美河口湾/港湾型潮道-潮沟体系,后者潮道以涨潮流占优势,沉积物明显比滩面粗。崇明岛东滩潮沟体系是发育在快速淤长的三角洲类型海岸上,通过与其他类型的对比研究,可以更全面地认识潮道-潮沟体系对泥滩和盐沼发育、演化所起的作用。Abstract: Tidal creek systems are developed well at the salt marsh on the eastern tidal flat of the Chongming Island. Their formation is closely linked to reclamation of the tidal flat and the width of the salt marsh. Development and evolution of creeks on the mudflat are related to such factors as sizes of tidal basins at the salt marsh, tidal regimes (spring or neap tides), rainfall intensity and so on. The tidal creek systems are on such a small scale that they don't control flood tidal current. In ebbing phase, creeks become main passages for draining and fine suspended sediments and fluid mud that don't aggregate converge toward the creeks, so sediment in creeks is finer than that on the flat. The formation and evolution of creek systems and distribution of sediment on the eastern tidal flat of the Chongming Island,which develops at the rapidly prograding deltaic coast, are completely different from estuarine/bay tidal channel-creek systems in Europe and America, which are dominated by flood current and whose sediments are coarser than those on flat obviously. Comparison study of creek systems on the eastern tidal flat of Chongming Island with other types improves our understanding of the impacts of tidal channel-creek systems on development and evolution of mudflat and salt marshes.
-
Keywords:
- tidal creek /
- salt marsh /
- mudflat /
- sediment /
- the Yangtze River estuary
-
-
[1] 时钟, Pye K, 陈吉余. 潮滩盐沼物理过程的研究进展综述[J]. 地球科学进展,1995,10(1):19-30. [SHI Zhong, Pye K,CHEN Ji-yu.Progress in physical processes on mudflat saltmarsh:an overview[J].Advance in Earth Sciences, 1995,10(1):19-30.]
[2] 张忍顺.淤泥质潮滩均衡态——以江苏辐射沙洲内缘区为例[J]. 科学通报,1995,40(4):347-350. [ZHANG Ren-shun.Equilibrium state of a muddy tidal flat:taking the inner edge area of Jiangsu radiating sand bank as an example[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1995,40(4):347-350.]
[3] Reineck H E, Singh. Depositional Sedimentary Environments (Second Edition)[M]. Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 1980.
[4] Wang Y P, Zhang R S, Gao S.Velocity variations in salt marsh creeks, Jiangsu, China[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 1999,15(2):471-477.
[5] Allen J R L.Morphodynamics of Holocene salt marshes:a review sketch from the Atlantic and Southern North Sea coasts of Europe[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2000,19:1155-1231.
[6] Boggs S Jr.Principle of Sedimentology and Stratigraphy (Third Edition)[M]. New Jersey:Prentice Hall,2001.
[7] 袁兴中,陆健健. 长江大潮沟大型底栖动物群落的初步研究[J]. 动物学研究,2001,22(3):211-215. [YUAN Xing-zhong,LU Jian-jian.Preliminary study on macrobenthic community of the creek in the tidal flat of the Changjiang estuary[J].Zoological Research, 2001,22(3):211-215.]
[8] 徐志明. 崇明岛东部潮滩沉积[J]. 海洋与湖沼,1985,16(3):232-239. [XU Zhi-ming.Sedimentology in east Chongming tidal flat[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 1985,16(3):232-239.]
[9] Fan D D, Li C X, Wang D J, et al. Morphology and sedimentation on open-coast Intertidal flats of the Changjiang Delta, China[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2004, SI(43):23-35.
[10] Yang S L, Eisma D, Ding P X.Sedimentary processes on an estuarine marsh island within the turbidity maximum zone of the Yangtze River mouth[J]. Geo-Marine Letters, 2000,20:87-92.
[11] 杨世伦,姚炎明,贺松林. 长江口冲积岛岸滩剖面形态和冲淤规律[J]. 海洋与湖沼,1999,30(6):764-769. [YANG Shi-lun,YAO Yan-ming,HE Song-lin.Coastal profile shape and erosion-accretion changes of the sediment islands in the Changjiang river estuary[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica, 1999,30(6):764-769.]
[12] 钱嫦萍,陈振楼,胡玲珍,等. 崇明东滩沉积物再悬浮对沉积物-水界面氮、磷交换行为的影响[J]. 环境科学,2003,24(5):114-119. [QIAN Chang-ping,CHEN Zhen-lou,HU Ling-zhen,et al.Effects of sediment resuspension on Nitrogen and Phosphate exchange at the sediment-water interface in east Chongming tidal flat[J].Enviromental Science,2003,24(5):114-119.]
[13] YANG Shi-lun.A study of coastal morphodynamics on the muddy islands in the Changjiang river estuary[J].Journal of Coastal Research,1999,15(1):32-44.
[15] 李从先,汪品先.长江晚第四纪河口地层学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.[LI Cong-xian,WANG Pin-xian.A Study on Late Quaternary Yangtze Estuarine Stratigraphy[M].Beijing:Science Press,1988.] [16] McManus J.Grain size determination and interpretation[M]//Tucker M. Techniques in Sedimentology.Backwell,Oxford,1988:63-85.
[17] 贾建军,高抒,薛允传.图解法与矩法沉积物粒度参数的对比[J].海洋与湖沼,2002,33(6):577-582. [JIA Jian-jun,GAO Shu,XUE Yun-Chuan.Grain-size parameters derived from graphic and moment methods:a comparative study[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2002,33(6):577-582.]
[18] 杨旸,汪亚平,高抒.江苏王港盐沼潮沟的水动力和悬沙输运过程[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2003,23(4):23-28. [YANG Yang,WANG Ya-ping,GAO Shu.Hydrodynamic processes and suspended sediment transport in the salt-marsh creeks,Wanggang,Jiangsu[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2003,23(4):23-28.]
[19] King C A M.Beaches and Coasts (2nd edition)[M]. Edward Arnold, London, 1972:570.
[20] Collins M B, Amos C L,Evans G. Observations of some sediment-transport processes over intertidal flats,the Wash,U K[J]. Sedimentology,1981,5:81-98.
[21] Davis R A Jr (editor). Coastal Sedimentary Environments (2nd edition)[M].Berlin:SpringerVerlag, 1985.
[22] SHI Z, Hamilton L J, Wolanski E. Near-bed currents and suspended sediment transport in saltmarch canopies[J]. Journal of Coastal Research, 2000,16(3):909-914.
[23] 张志忠.长江口细颗粒泥沙基本特性研究[J].泥沙研究,1996(1):67-72.[ZHANG Zhi-zhong.Studies on basic characteristics of fine sediment in Changjiang Estuary[J].Journal of Sediment Research,1996 (1):67-72.]
[24] 王德杰,范代读,李从先.不同预处理对沉积物粒度分析结果的影响[J].同济大学学报,2003, 31(3):314-318. [WANG De-jie,FAN Dai-du,LI Cong-xian.Influence of different pretreatments on size analysis and its implication[J].Journal of Tongji University,2003,31(3):314-318.]
计量
- 文章访问数: 1741
- HTML全文浏览量: 177
- PDF下载量: 11
下载:
