Composition, distribution and origination of n-alkanes in surface sediments from shallow sea wetlands in the Liaohe River estuary
-
摘要:
基于辽河口浅海湿地采集的53个表层沉积物样品，测试其正构烷烃的组成及含量，系统分析了正构烷烃的组成、分布及其分子组合特征，对正构烷烃的来源进行了分析。结果显示，研究区表层沉积物中正构烷烃以双峰群分布为主，表明本区有机质受陆源和海源共同作用；前峰群偶碳数正构烷烃优势明显，以海洋浮游藻类和细菌来源为主；后峰群奇碳数正构烷烃占明显优势，以陆生高等植物来源为主，其中木本植物来源约占49%，草本植物来源约占39.6%；陆、海源烷烃含量之和的比值（ΣT/ΣM）对有机质来源的指示与陆、海源优势烷烃含量之和的比值（TAR）均指示本研究区域陆源有机质贡献大于海源有机质。特别是，高比值区均集中分布于辽河河口近岸区域，且显示自近岸向外呈降低的趋势，表明河口处陆源输入最强。对正构烷烃分子组成特征指数的深入剖析表明辽河口浅海湿地沉积有机质主要来源于陆源输入，定量估算结果显示陆生植物贡献比例最大，平均为66.41% ± 10.74%。研究结果表明，河口湿地生态系统对近岸海区的碳汇贡献巨大。
Abstract:Fifty-three surface sediment samples were collected in the shallow sea wetland of Liaohe River estuary, Liaodong Bay, Bohai Sea, NW China. The composition and content of the sediment-borne n-alkanes, the composition distribution, and molecular combination characteristics of the n-alkanes were systematically analyzed. Results show that the n-alkanes in the study area displayed bimodal distributions, indicating that they were influenced by a mixture of terrestrial and marine sources. The first peak reflected obviously short-chain alkanes, indicating organic origination from marine planktonic algae and bacteria; and the second peak suggested odd-carbon n-alkanes, indicating organic source from terrestrial higher plants, of which woody plants accounted for about 49% and herbaceous plants for about 39.6%. Both the ratio of the total hydrocarbon contents from terrestrial and marine sources and the ratio of the total contents of dominant alkanes from land and sea sources agreed with the organic origination of the n-alkanes. Except for a few stations where the two ratios were less than 1, all other areas had the two ratios greater than 1, indicating that land-sourced organic matter was greater than marine-sourced one in this study area. In particular, the high-ratio areas were concentrated in the coastal areas of the Liaohe River estuary, and showed a decreasing trend from the coast to the outside, indicating that the terrestrial input was the strongest in the estuary. In-depth analysis of the characteristic index of the molecular composition of n-alkane showed that the sedimentary organic matter in the shallow marine wetland of the Liaohe River estuary mainly came from terrestrial input. The quantitative estimation results show that terrestrial plants contributed the largest proportion, averaging 66.41% ± 10.74%. It can be seen that the estuarine wetland ecosystem contributes greatly to the carbon sink in the coastal sea area.
-
Keywords:
- surface sediment /
- n-alkanes /
- organic matter /
- shallow sea wetlands /
- Liaohe River estuary
-
-
![]()
图 1 表层沉积物样品采集位置分布图
黑色圆点为样品采集站位。
Figure 1. Distribution of sampling stations for surface sediment
Black dots are sampling sites.
![]()
图 4 长链烷烃（ΣT）的等值线分布
Figure 4. The contour-line distribution of long- chain alkanes (ΣT)
![]()
图 5 短链烷烃（ΣM）的等值线分布
Figure 5. The contour-line distribution of short-chain alkanes (ΣM)
![]()
图 9 辽河口浅海湿地沉积有机质不同来源的贡献比例
Figure 9. Contribution ratio of different sources of sedimentary organic matter in shallow marine wetlands of Liaohe River estuary
![]()
图 10 陆生植物贡献比例的空间分布
Figure 10. Spatial distribution of contribution ratios from terrestrial plants
表 1 表层沉积物中正构烷烃及其分子组合特征参数
Table 1 Characteristic parameters of n-alkane molecular combinations in surface sediments
特征参数 范围 均值 标准偏差 正构烷烃/μg.g-1 0.29～51.1 6.77 8.82 CPI1 0.44～3.07 0.94 0.47 CPI2 0.97～5.99 2.52 1.47 ΣT/ΣM 0.33～66.23 7.92 12.32 TAR 0.32～97.92 10.11 18.35 OEP 0.92～7.12 3.08 2.10 C17/Pr 0.86～2.76 1.46 0.43 C18/Ph 0.51～3.25 1.49 0.53 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Goñi M A, Ruttenberg K C, Eglinton T I. Sources and contribution of terrigenous organic carbon to surface sediments in the Gulf of Mexico[J]. Nature, 1997, 389(6648):275-278. doi: 10.1038/38477
[2] Tesi T, Miserocchi S, Goñi M A, et al. Source, transport and fate of terrestrial organic carbon on the western Mediterranean Sea, Gulf of Lions, France[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2007, 105(1-2):101-117. doi: 10.1016/j.marchem.2007.01.005
[3] 刘建华, 祁士华, 张干, 等. 湖北梁子湖沉积物正构烷烃与多环芳烃对环境变迁的记录[J]. 地球化学, 2004, 33(5):501-506 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2004.05.010 LIU Jianhua, QI Shihua, ZHANG Gan, et al. Response of the n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons records in sediments from Lake Liangzi to the environmental change[J]. Geochimica, 2004, 33(5):501-506.] doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0379-1726.2004.05.010
[4] 赵梓宇, 朱晓森, 王卓, 等. 辽东湾叶绿素a与营养盐分布特征的数值模拟[J]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2024, 39(1):134-143 ZHAO Ziyu, ZHU Xiaosen, WANG Zhuo, et al. Numerical simulation of concentration distribution characteristics of ecological indicators in Liaodong Bay based on Delft3D model[J]. Journal of Dalian Ocean University, 2024, 39(1):134-143.]
[5] 中国海湾志编纂委员会. 中国海湾志第十四分册[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1998 Editorial Board of China Bay Survey. Survey of China Bays (Vol. 14)[M]. Beijing: China Ocean Press, 1998.]
[6] 颜凡尘, 郭志全. 辽东湾湿地主要生态问题及其保护对策[J]. 吉林水利, 2005(5):17-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-2846.2005.05.007 YAN Fanchen, GUO Zhiquan. Existing main ecology problems and its protection countermeasures in the wetland of Liaodongwan[J]. Jilin Water Resources, 2005(5):17-20.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-2846.2005.05.007
[7] 鲍永恩, 黄水光. 辽河口海口沉积特征及潮滩动态预测[J]. 沉积学报, 1993, 11(2):105-112 BAO Yong’en, HUANG Shuiguang. Sedimentary features of Liaohe estuary and the evolution of dynamics of the tidal banks[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1993, 11(2):105-112.]
[8] 杨俊鹏. 辽河口潮滩沉积物元素地球化学特征及其环境效应[D]. 中国地质大学(北京)博士学位论文, 2011 YANG Junpeng. Geochemical characteristics of the sediment elements and its environmental efficiencies in the Liao River estuary[D]. Doctor Dissertation of China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2011.]
[9] 刘恒魁. 辽东湾近岸水域海流特征分析[J]. 海洋科学, 1990, 1(2):22-27 LIU Hengkui. Analysis of current characteristics of the coastal shallow water area in Liaodong bay[J]. Marine Sciences, 1990, 1(2):22-27.]
[10] Wu Y, Zhang J, Mi T Z, et al. Occurrence of n-alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the core sediments of the Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2001, 76(1-2):1-15. doi: 10.1016/S0304-4203(01)00040-8
[11] 朱纯, 潘建明, 卢冰, 等. 长江、老黄河口及东海陆架沉积有机质物源指标及有机碳的沉积环境[J]. 海洋学研究, 2005, 23(3):36-46 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2005.03.006 ZHU Chun, PAN Jianming, LU Bing, et al. Source indication and accumulative effect of sedimentary organic matter in the Changjiang Estuary, the old Huanghe River subaqueous delta and the East China Sea shelf[J]. Journal of Marine Sciences, 2005, 23(3):36-46.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-909X.2005.03.006
[12] 李凤, 徐刚, 贺行良, 等. 东海近岸表层沉积物中正构烷烃的组成、分布及来源分析[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2016, 35(3):398-403 LI Feng, XU Gang, HE Xingliang, et al. Composition, distribution and source of N-alkanes in surface sediments from the coast of East China Sea[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2016, 35(3):398-403.]
[13] Silliman J E, Schelske C L. Saturated hydrocarbons in the sediments of Lake Apopka, Florida[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2003, 34(2):253-260. doi: 10.1016/S0146-6380(02)00169-9
[14] Lin T, Ye S Y, Ma C L, et al. Sources and preservation of organic matter in soils of the wetlands in the Liaohe (Liao River) Delta, North China[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2013, 71(1-2):276-285. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.01.036
[15] 庞国涛, 杨源祯, 张晓磊, 等. 广西珍珠湾红树林湿地沉积物烃类物质的分布及来源解析[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2023, 39(8):70-77 PANG Guotao, YANG Yuanzhen, ZHANG Xiaolei, et al. Distribution and source analysis of hydrocarbons in sediments of Zhenzhu Bay Mangrove Wetland in Guangxi[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2023, 39(8):70-77.]
[16] 田皓文. 长江口湿地沉积物生物标志物特征及其碳库来源指示意义[D]. 华东师范大学硕士学位论文, 2022 TIAN Haowen. Characteristics of biomarkers in wetland sediments of Yangtze Estuary and their significance in indicating the source of carbon pool[D]. Master Dissertation of East China Normal University, 2022.]
[17] 崔琳琳, 王旭, 沈吉, 等. 末次盛冰期以来泸沽湖沉积记录的正构烷烃分布特征和单体碳同位素组成及其古植被意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 2015, 35(4):871-880 doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2015.04.09 CUI Linlin, WANG Xu, SHEN Ji, et al. Changes in distribution and compound-specific carbon isotope compositions of n-alkanes as recorded in Lugu Lake sediments from southwestern China since last glacial maximum and implications for paleovegetation evolution[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2015, 35(4):871-880.] doi: 10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2015.04.09
[18] Cranwell P A. Chain-length distribution of n-alkanes from lake sediments in relation to post-glacial environmental change[J]. Freshwater Biology, 1973, 3(3):259-265. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2427.1973.tb00921.x
[19] Cranwell P A. Lipid geochemistry of sediments from Upton Broad, a small productive lake[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1984, 7(1):25-37. doi: 10.1016/0146-6380(84)90134-7
[20] Pavlova A, Papazova D. Oil-spill identification by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J]. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 2003, 41(5):271-273. doi: 10.1093/chromsci/41.5.271
[21] 吴金浩, 刘桂英, 王年斌, 等. 辽东湾北部海域表层沉积物氧化还原电位及其主要影响因素[J]. 沉积学报, 2012, 30(2):333-339 WU Jinhao, LIU Guiying, WANG Nianbin, et al. The Eh in surface sediments in the northern of Liaodong bay and its main influencing factors[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2012, 30(2):333-339.]
[22] 马志强, 周遵春, 薛克, 等. 辽东湾北部海区初级生产力与渔业资源的关系[J]. 水产科学, 2004, 23(4):12-15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1111.2004.04.004 MA Zhiqiang, ZHOU Zunchun, XUE Ke, et al. The relationship between the primary production and fishery resources in the northern waters of Liaodong bay[J]. Fisheries Science, 2004, 23(4):12-15.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-1111.2004.04.004
[23] Eglinton G, Hamilton R J. Leaf epicuticular waxes[J]. Science, 1967, 156(3780):1322-1335. doi: 10.1126/science.156.3780.1322
[24] Duan Y. Organic geochemistry of recent marine sediments from the Nansha Sea, China[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2000, 31(2-3):159-167. doi: 10.1016/S0146-6380(99)00135-7
[25] 赵美训, 张玉琢, 邢磊, 等. 南黄海表层沉积物中正构烷烃的组成特征、分布及其对沉积有机质来源的指示意义[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2011, 41(4):90-96 ZHAO Meixun, ZHANG Yuzhuo, XING Lei, et al. The composition and distribution of n-alkanes in surface sediments from the south yellow sea and their potential as organic matter source indicators[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2011, 41(4):90-96.]
[26] 苏丹, 王彤, 刘兰岚, 等. 辽河流域工业废水污染物排放的时空变化规律研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(12):2953-2959 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5906.2010.12.032 SU Dan, WANG Tong, LIU Lanlan, et al. Research on the spatio-temporal variation of pollutant discharged from industrial wastewater in the Liaohe River Basin[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2010, 19(12):2953-2959.] doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-5906.2010.12.032
[27] Meyers P A, Ishiwatari R. Lacustrine organic geochemistry: an overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 1993, 20(7):867-900. doi: 10.1016/0146-6380(93)90100-P
[28] Feagin R A, Forbrich I, Huff T P, et al. Tidal wetland gross primary production across the continental United States, 2000-2019[J]. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 2020, 34(2):e2019GB006349. doi: 10.1029/2019GB006349
[29] Ding Y, Wang D Q, Chen S, et al. Source identification and estimation of organic carbon in the intertidal wetlands of the eastern coast of China[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 2022, 127(6):e2022JG006822. doi: 10.1029/2022JG006822
计量
- 文章访问数: 39
- HTML全文浏览量: 4
- PDF下载量: 37
