Abstract: The marine acoustic geological survey technology is an important technical mean to reveal the topography of the seabed, and the internal structure and the nature of the Earth. By reviewing the development and history of marine acoustic geological survey technology at home and abroad, the existing problems were analyzed by sorting out the present situation of marine acoustic geological survey technology in China. According to the requirement of ocean economic construction and ocean exploitation and utilization in China, countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. In addition, the development trend and prospect of ocean acoustic geological survey technology are summarized. This paper provided a reference for the development of ocean acoustic geological survey technology in China.