邓兴渝,曹文瑞,姜明玉,等. 冲绳海槽南部热液区附近柱状沉积物中微生物的垂直分布多样性及其对环境因子的响应[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2023,43(5): 198-213. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2023061901
引用本文: 邓兴渝,曹文瑞,姜明玉,等. 冲绳海槽南部热液区附近柱状沉积物中微生物的垂直分布多样性及其对环境因子的响应[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,2023,43(5): 198-213. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2023061901
DENG Xingyu,CAO Wenrui,JIANG Mingyu,et al. Microbial vertical diversity in core sediments and its response to environmental factors near the hydrothermal field of the southern Okinawa Trough[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2023,43(5):198-213. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2023061901
Citation: DENG Xingyu,CAO Wenrui,JIANG Mingyu,et al. Microbial vertical diversity in core sediments and its response to environmental factors near the hydrothermal field of the southern Okinawa Trough[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2023,43(5):198-213. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2023061901

冲绳海槽南部热液区附近柱状沉积物中微生物的垂直分布多样性及其对环境因子的响应

Microbial vertical diversity in core sediments and its response to environmental factors near the hydrothermal field of the southern Okinawa Trough

  • 摘要: 近年来,海底热液环境中的微生物及其环境适应机制已经成为海洋科学研究的热点。目前,相关的研究主要集中在表层沉积物及微生物的水平分布多样性方面,而对柱状沉积物中微生物垂直分布多样性研究却很少。本文基于西太平洋冲绳海槽南部热液区附近S2站位的柱状沉积物样品,通过对其不同层位的样品进行分离培养和16S rRNA基因高通量测序,揭示了样品中可培养微生物和总体微生物的垂直群落分布特征,同时结合对样品主量元素、微量元素、碳氮含量等指标的评估和冗余分析等统计学方法,讨论了微生物群落结构及其对环境因子的响应。研究发现该位点的柱状沉积物有机质含量较为贫乏,存在两个富含Cu-Zn-Pb的层;各个层位的沉积物中微生物类群均以变形菌为主要类群,同时表层沉积物表现出更高的微生物多样性。此外研究还表明柱状沉积物中有机碳含量与其微生物的群落组成有着更为密切的关系。总之, 本研究的结果和获得的菌种资源为进一步深入研究海底热液环境中微生物参与元素地球化学循环的过程提供了一定的基础。

     

    Abstract: In recent years, microbe and its adaptation mechanism in submarine hydrothermal environment have become the focus of marine science research. At present, relevant researches focus on the horizontal distribution diversity of surface sediments and microorganisms, and only few researches on the vertical distribution diversity of microorganisms in columnar sediments. Based on the columnar sediment samples from the S2 station in the southern hydrothermal area of the Okinawa Trough in the western Pacific Ocean, we revealed the vertical community distribution characteristics of culturable microorganisms and the overall microorganisms in the samples through isolation, culture, and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene from the samples at different levels. At the same time, the microbial community structure and its response to environmental factors were discussed by using statistical methods such as the evaluation of major elements, trace elements, carbon and nitrogen contents, and redundancy analysis. Results show that the organic matter content of the core sediment at this site is relatively poor, and Cu-Zn-Pb is rich in two layers; the microbial community of each layer is composed of mainly Proteobacteria, while the surface sediments exhibit higher microbial diversity. Meanwhile, it indicated a closer relationship between the organic carbon content of core sediments and the composition of their microbial communities. This study obtained bacterial strain resources and provided a basis for further research into microbial participation in the geochemical cycle of elements in submarine hydrothermal environment.

     

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