2017—2020年江苏中部潮滩地貌的季节和年际演化

Seasonal and interannual evolution of geomorphology in middle Jiangsu tidal flat from 2017 to 2020

  • 摘要: 为了研究江苏中部潮滩地貌的季节性演化规律,分别在江苏沿岸大丰港南侧、大丰港北侧,以及射阳河口北侧选取了三条跨岸剖面。在2017年11月—2018年11月进行了多次地貌和表层沉积物的重复观测和采样分析,并对2017—2020年间3条剖面的年际变化进行了观测。结果显示,2017年11月—2018年11月,大丰港南侧潮滩在春秋两季较为稳定,冬夏两季侵蚀较为明显,全年表现较为稳定;大丰港北侧潮滩全年基本处于明显侵蚀状态;射阳河口附近潮滩全年出现轻微侵蚀,但整体较为稳定。在年际尺度下,2017—2018年,大丰港附近潮滩均出现整体侵蚀的现象,射阳河口潮滩则出现潮间带上部淤积、下部侵蚀的现象;2018—2019年,江苏中部潮滩潮间带高程均出现不同程度的上涨;2019—2020年,江苏中部潮滩均出现潮间带上部稳定或轻微侵蚀、下部明显侵蚀现象。对潮滩演化状态研究显示,江苏中部潮滩的季节性变化受多种因素影响,冬季波浪增强与夏季风暴频率增加均会导致江苏中部潮滩在当季出现侵蚀现象,沉积物供给减少会导致潮滩季节性冲淤趋势整体向侵蚀状态偏移;江苏潮滩北部的侵蚀/淤积区域分界点可能已经从射阳河口向南转移至大丰港南部区域;年际尺度下,江苏中部潮滩表现出较为一致的变化规律。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the seasonal evolution patterns of geomorphology in the middle Jiangsu tidal flat, three cross-shore profiles along the Jiangsu coast were selected: one on the south side of Dafeng Harbor, one on the north side of Dafeng Harbor, and another on the north side of the Sheyang River estuary. A series of repeated observations in geomorphology and surface sediments were conducted from November 2017 to November 2018, and the interannual variations of the three profiles were monitored from 2017 to 2020. Results reveal that the tidal flat on the south side of Dafeng Harbor exhibited relative stability in spring and autumn, but experienced more noticeable erosion in winter and summer, being overall stable throughout the year. In contrast, the tidal flat on the north side of Dafeng Harbor experienced evident erosion throughout the entire year, while the tidal flat near the Sheyang River estuary showed slight erosion year-round but remained relatively stable overall. From 2017 to 2020, the erosion and deposition changes in the three profiles exhibited a consistent trend. From 2017 to 2018, all tidal flats near Dafeng Harbor experienced overall erosion, while the tidal flat near the Sheyang River estuary showed siltation in the upper part of the intertidal zone and erosion in the lower part. In the following period from 2018 to 2019, varying degrees of siltation were observed in the middle Jiangsu tidal flat. From 2019 to 2020, all the tidal flats in the middle Jiangsu coast showed stabilization or slight erosion in the upper part of the intertidal zone and obvious erosion in the lower part of the intertidal zone. The analysis of the tidal flat evolution state reveals several key points. (1) The seasonal changes in the middle Jiangsu coast’s tidal flats are influenced by multiple factors. Winter wave intensification and increased storm frequency in summer contribute to seasonal erosion, while reduced sediment supply leads to an overall erosion trend. (2) The division point between erosion and deposition in the northern part of the Jiangsu tidal flat appears to have shifted southward from the Sheyang River estuary to the southern part of Dafeng Harbor. (3) The middle Jiangsu tidal flats exhibit a relatively consistent variation pattern on interannual scale.

     

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