Water and salt sources and salinization of shallow saline groundwater in the coastal area of Yancheng, Jiangsu
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摘要: 江苏盐城滨海地区浅层地下咸水对区域水资源利用和生态环境保护具有重要影响，为了查明浅层地下咸水的水盐来源及咸化成因，于2018—2019年采集了研究区河水、雨水、海水、地下淡水、微咸水及咸水等不同类型水样，对水样的水化学组成、离子比、Piper三线图、氢氧同位素组成及14C测年结果进行了分析，结果表明：① 潜水与第Ⅰ承压含水层地下水均以咸水为主，潜水含水层上部存在埋深小于10 m的淡化层，向海方向分布有淡水、微咸水、咸水水质类型。② 潜水与第Ⅰ承压含水层地下水主要来源于全新世暖期降水补给，盐分来源于强烈蒸发浓缩后的古残留海水。③ 潜水淡化层地下水主要来源于现代时期降水补给，盐分来源于岩盐和铝硅酸盐矿物的溶解，废黄河口部分地区地下水咸化主要受海水入侵影响。Abstract: For the purpose to identify the sources of groundwater and salt and the salinization of shallow groundwater in the coastal area of Yancheng, Jiangsu province, different types of water samples are collected, such as the river water, rainwater, seawater, underground fresh water, brackish water, salt water in the study area during the period from 2018 to 2019. The chemical composition and ions ratio, Piper diagram, hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition and 14C dating results are analyzed. The results suggest that: (1) The phreatic water and the first confined water are dominated by saline water. The upper layer of the phreatic aquifer is less than 10 m in thickness and widely desalinated, which changes seawards from fresh water, brackish water to salty water. (2) The water in the phreatic aquifer and the first confined aquifer mainly come from precipitation replenishment in the Holocene warm period, and salinity mainly come from the ancient residual seawater that has suffered strong evaporation and concentration. (3) Groundwater in the phreatic desalination layer mainly comes from modern precipitation replenishment, and salinity mainly comes from the dissolution of rock salt and aluminosilicate minerals, the salinization of groundwater in some areas of the abandoned Yellow River estuary is mainly affected by seawater intrusion.
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Keywords:
- shallow groundwater /
- hydrochemistry /
- isotope /
- salinization /
- coastal area in Yancheng
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图 2 降水量及地下水水位变化（2018.10—2019.09）
Figure 2. Variations of precipitation and groundwater levels with time （2018.10—2019.09）
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图 6 研究区大气降水、地表水及地下水δD-δ18O分布图
Figure 6. Plot of δD vs. δ18O of meteoric waters, river waters and groundwater
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图 9 地下水中Ca/Cl 、Mg/Cl、 Na/Cl 、Cl/Br与Cl－浓度关系
Figure 9. Variations of Ca/Cl, Mg/Cl, Na/Cl, Cl/Br with Cl－ concentration of groundwater
表 1 研究区监测点样品信息
Table 1 Sample information from monitoring points in the study area
井位 位置 距岸线距离/km 取样时间 井深/m EC/ （ms/cm） pH T/℃ TDS/ （mg/L） SJ01 滨海县 2.32 2019.4 120 1565 7.71 — 0.91 SJ02 射阳县 4.16 2019.4 120 1162 8.22 — 0.56 SJ03 大丰市 19.15 2019.4 120 1345.1 8.05 — 0.84 SJ04 东台市 13.64 2019.4 200 653.1 8.01 — 0.34 SJ05 东台市 9.83 2019.4 300 560.4 8.08 — 0.28 QS01 东台市 16.51 2019.4 18 3613 8.78 17.74 1.92 QS02 大丰市 10.25 2019.4 18 41190 7.34 19.45 25.96 QS03 大丰市 10.45 2019.4 18 32480 8.15 19.08 21.70 QS04 射阳县 6.02 2019.4 18 37640 7.53 19.69 22.69 QS05 滨海县 3.97 2019.4 18 2359 8.55 16.88 1.25 QS06 东台市 3.78 2019.4 18 29690 8.08 25.16 18.55 QS07 大丰市 1.24 2019.4 18 40700 8.47 18.91 26.32 QS08 大丰市 5.19 2019.4 18 27620 7.86 18.97 15.79 QS09 射阳县 1.55 2019.4 18 33780 7.22 19.14 20.11 QS10 滨海县 1.07 2019.4 18 3587 8.04 19.28 0.68 CY01 东台市 25.68 2019.4 50 38970 7.21 19.67 0.68 CY02 大丰市 19.52 2019.4 50 30610 7.32 19.37 17.16 CY03 大丰市 16.22 2019.4 50 23560 7.45 20.08 16.95 CY04 射阳县 10.88 2019.4 50 37180 7.34 19.36 22.88 CY05 滨海县 10.94 2019.4 50 31700 7.23 18.82 20.33 CY06 东台市 3.78 2019.4 50 47890 7.53 21.53 41.69 CY07 大丰市 1.24 2019.4 50 34500 7.8 20.29 21.33 CY08 大丰市 5.19 2019.4 80 28670 6.89 19.94 17.34 CY09 射阳县 1.55 2019.4 50 37500 7.54 19.93 23.71 CY10 滨海县 1.07 2019.4 50 29970 7.23 20.51 16.12 T01 滨海县 8.73 2018.6 7 4267 — 20.83 3.80 T02 滨海县 7.52 2018.6 7 2800 — 20.81 2.08 T03 滨海县 5.49 2018.6 7 10100 — 18.22 9.61 T04 滨海县 4.65 2018.6 7 4700 — 20.88 2.99 T05 滨海县 3.32 2018.6 7 7130 — 23.94 4.77 T06 滨海县 7.52 2018.6 7 — — 19.28 1.87 T07 滨海县 6.38 2018.6 7 — — 20.32 2.26 T08 滨海县 5.31 2018.6 7 — — 20.14 3.52 T09 滨海县 3.81 2018.6 7 — — 20.30 6.09 T10 滨海县 3.00 2018.6 7 — — 18.70 8.32 T11 射阳县 9.30 2018.6 7 1130 6.56 20.40 0.82 T12 射阳县 7.44 2018.6 7 2880 6.05 19.90 3.07 T13 射阳县 5.48 2018.6 7 1268 5.75 24.40 0.99 T14 射阳县 4.06 2018.6 7 4330 6.43 18.80 3.16 T15 射阳县 2.58 2018.6 7 2285 5.92 20.37 2.31 T16 射阳县 14.75 2018.6 7 2780 9.20 21.42 2.57 T17 射阳县 11.30 2018.6 7 4349 7.01 19.52 2.99 T18 射阳县 10.36 2018.6 7 1940 8.85 18.55 1.48 T19 射阳县 9.24 2018.6 7 4560 7.68 19.36 4.50 T20 射阳县 8.42 2018.6 7 2220 7.41 20.05 2.32 T21 大丰市 14.13 2018.6 7 1643 7.49 19.70 1.25 T22 大丰市 12.68 2018.6 7 2359 7.77 18.54 2.49 T23 大丰市 10.75 2018.6 7 1409 7.90 19.60 1.03 T24 大丰市 8.53 2018.6 7 1640 7.37 19.35 3.57 T25 大丰市 6.60 2018.6 7 2780 9.20 19.24 1.16 T26 大丰市 13.64 2018.6 7 1255 7.60 18.91 0.95 T27 大丰市 12.01 2018.6 7 1405 8.30 18.94 0.66 T28 大丰市 10.45 2018.6 7 1407 7.54 18.15 0.85 T29 大丰市 9.17 2018.6 7 1859 8.14 17.48 1.17 T30 大丰市 8.18 2018.6 7 1299 6.09 19.57 0.89 T31 东台市 13.47 2018.6 7 1500 7.75 19.07 0.89 T32 东台市 12.20 2018.6 7 2003 7.86 17.96 1.15 T33 东台市 10.55 2018.6 7 1680 7.90 19.54 1.17 T34 东台市 9.13 2018.6 7 3840 8.26 19.07 3.13 T35 东台市 6.61 2018.6 7 5150 7.20 19.98 4.96 T36 东台市 18.74 2018.6 7 1850 7.28 18.50 1.43 T37 东台市 15.22 2018.6 7 1669 7.06 19.20 1.19 T38 东台市 11.24 2018.6 7 1320 6.65 20.50 2.08 T39 东台市 8.76 2018.6 7 1290 7.10 18.30 0.85 T40 东台市 6.68 2018.6 7 1990 8.44 18.43 1.09 HH01 废黄河口 0.03 2018.6 4830 — — 3.32 HH02 废黄河口 11.22 2018.6 1217 — — 0.76 HH03 废黄河口 22.30 2018.6 700 — — 0.38 SY01 射阳河 0.02 2018.6 5602 7.01 — 4.33 SY02 射阳河 9.91 2018.6 1119 8.15 — 0.74 SY03 射阳河 16.24 2018.6 1023 7.13 — 0.56 SY04 射阳河 19.47 2018.6 961 7.36 — 0.77 SY05 射阳河 27.04 2018.6 912 7.05 — 0.47 SY06 射阳河 53.67 2018.6 736 6.84 — 0.39 SY07 射阳河 95.58 2018.6 740 6.84 — 0.41 Sea 海滩 0 2018.6 39000 7.84 — 28.45 注：空格表示地表水体没有井深参数，“—”表示该参数没有测试。 
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