Adsorption of PAHs by the sediments from the Yangcheng tidal flat: the influence of particle size
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摘要: 为了研究粒径因素对于潮间带沉积物吸附多环芳烃（PAHs）的影响，基于索氏提取法、比值法、统计分析法和室内等温吸附实验以及0～31、32～64 μm和大于64 μm这三种不同粒径的沉积物对于16种多环芳烃各自吸附参数的反演计算，研究盐城潮滩沉积物PAHs赋存状态以及沉积物粒径对PAHs的吸附能力。结果表明，研究地点的潮滩沉积物中PAHs含量为49.67～141.90 ng·g−1，平均为74.92 ng·g−1。沉积物中的PAHs主要以3环、4环和5环为主, 其主要来源为高温燃烧源。在沉积物有机质含量极低时, 粒径对PAHs的吸附起主导作用。
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关键词:
- 沉积物 /
- 多环芳烃（PAHs） /
- 吸附能力 /
- 粒径 /
- 盐城潮滩
Abstract: In order to study the adsorption behavior of the intertidal sediment adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), we use the Soxhlet extraction method, characteristic ratio method, statistical analysis, isothermal adsorption experiment, together with sediment adsorption parameter modeling and inverse calculations for three different particle size groups (i.e., 0～31 μm, 32～64 μm, and ＞ 64 μm) to identify the influence of particle size on the adsorption parameter. The results reveal that the contents of PAHs varied from 49.67～141.90 ng·g−1, with an average of 74.92 ng·g−1. The PAHs were primarily trinuclear, tetracyclic or pentacyclic, and the surface sediment PAHs in the study area had a mixed origin of combustion. When the organic matter content in sediments is relatively low, particle size plays a major role in PAHs adsorption. -
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图 2 盐城潮滩柱状样沉积物参数的垂向分布
Figure 2. Vertical distributions of sediment mean grain size, TOC and PAHs content in the Yancheng tidal flat
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图 3 沉积物中不同环数PAHs所占百分比
Figure 3. Down-core variations of the composition of PAHs with different ring numbers
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图 4 3种粒径颗粒对PAHs的吸附能力
Figure 4. The sorption parameters of PAHs associated with three different sediment sizes
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图 5 3种粒径颗粒对低中高3种环数PAHs的吸附能力
Figure 5. The sorption parameters of low-ring, middle-ring and high-ring PAHs with three different sediment sizes
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图 6 Freundlich模型下沉积物对PAHs吸附和盐城潮滩沉积物实际吸附对比图
Figure 6. Comparison of PAHs adsorption by sediments predicted by the-Freundlich model and the actual adsorption of the Yancheng tidal flat sediments
特征分子比 石油燃烧 煤炭燃烧 草木燃烧 石油源 荧蒽/（荧蒽+芘） 0.4～0.5 ＞0.5 ＞0.5 ＜0.4 苯并[a]蒽/（苯并[a]蒽+䓛） ＞0.35 ＞0.35 ＞0.35 ＜0.2 茚并芘/（茚并芘+苯并苝） 0.2～0.5 ＞0.5 ＞0.5 ＜0.2 
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表 2 沉积物中PAHs分子比值
Table 2 Isomeric ratios of PAHs in sediments
特征分子比 范围 平均值 指示意义 荧蒽/（荧蒽+芘） 0.44～0.55 0.51 燃烧源 苯并[a]蒽/（苯并[a]蒽+䓛） 0.27～0.49 0.41 燃烧源 茚并芘/（茚并芘+苯并苝） 0.41～0.53 0.49 石油燃烧源
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表 3 PAHs组分在主成分上的因子载荷和累积方差
Table 3 The components load of PAHs （PC1） in sediment and the variance of PCA （PC2）
PAHs组分 PC1 PC2 萘 0.484 0.743 苊烯 0.798 0.435 苊 0.902 0.375 芴 0.905 0.105 菲 0.946 −0.053 蒽 0.955 −0.053 荧蒽 0.959 −0.227 芘 0.906 −0.301 苯并[a]蒽 0.986 −0.152 䓛 0.953 −0.278 苯并[b]荧蒽 0.957 −0.219 苯并[k]荧蒽 0.924 0.189 苯并[a]芘 0.983 −0.079 二苯并[a,h]蒽 0.946 0.104 茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘 0.969 −0.005 苯并[g,h,i]苝 0.967 −0.128 累积方差% 84.696 92.468
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表 4 Freundlich模型下盐城潮滩三种粒径物质颗粒吸附能力参数
Table 4 Freundlich sorption parameters of PAHs with different sediment sizes from the Yancheng tidal flat
PAHs组分 粒径/μm K n R2 萘 0～31 8.09 1.22 0.96 32～64 6.00 1.24 0.94 ＞64 5.80 1.25 0.97 苊烯 0～31 25.87 1.02 0.94 32～64 20.46 1.02 0.97 ＞64 18.77 1.03 0.95 苊 0～31 27.07 1.00 0.96 32～64 22.27 1.01 0.94 ＞64 17.27 1.02 0.95 芴 0～31 16.73 1.04 0.94 32～64 14.41 1.05 0.97 ＞64 14.90 1.04 0.96 菲 0～31 22.38 1.07 0.95 32～64 21.07 1.07 0.94 ＞64 16.91 1.10 0.96 蒽 0～31 29.12 1.07 0.96 32～64 22.61 1.09 0.97 ＞64 23.94 1.06 0.96 荧蒽 0～31 26.29 1.06 0.94 32～64 21.04 1.10 0.95 ＞64 24.32 1.09 0.96 芘 0～31 20.26 1.15 0.95 32～64 19.47 1.15 0.95 ＞64 16.81 1.15 0.95 苯并[a]蒽 0～31 26.46 1.14 0.96 32～64 18.96 1.14 0.94 ＞64 14.45 1.17 0.94 䓛 0～31 27.28 1.10 0.95 32～64 21.23 1.08 0.97 ＞64 23.33 1.06 0.96 苯并[b]荧蒽 0～31 23.11 1.20 0.98 32～64 19.42 1.21 0.96 ＞64 21.74 1.19 0.94 苯并[k]荧蒽 0～31 24.78 1.22 0.97 32～64 21.27 1.23 0.98 ＞64 18.23 1.24 0.98 苯并[a]芘 0～31 23.69 1.09 0.95 32～64 16.57 1.08 0.96 ＞64 14.63 1.11 0.96 二苯并[a,h]蒽 0～31 38.33 1.08 0.96 32～64 33.05 1.10 0.95 ＞64 28.15 1.09 0.95 茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘 0～31 18.01 1.34 0.94 32～64 15.68 1.38 0.96 ＞64 16.12 1.37 0.96 苯并[g,h,i]苝 0～31 10.25 1.20 0.96 32～64 9.50 1.20 0.95 ＞64 9.52 1.18 0.96
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