Identification and division of high-frequency sequence based on Milakovitch cycle: A case of the 3rd Member of Pinghu Formation in Baoyunting Area, Pinghu Slope Zone, East China Sea Shelf Basin
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摘要: 地球轨道周期性的变化控制着气候周期性变化，进而对层序叠加样式也会产生重要的影响。东海陆架盆地平湖组沉积时期经历了冷热交替的气候变化，这种气候变化的频繁波动必然会在相应的沉积物中有所记录。利用La(2004)计算方案计算北纬30°、30~40.4Ma期间地球轨道参数变化周期，确定该沉积时期理论米氏旋回周期比值；平湖斜坡带平湖组三段属于海相沉积，构造活动较弱，沉积稳定，物性相近，区域上分布广泛，因此以平湖组三段作为目的层，对该段伽马测井数据进行频谱检测以及一维连续小波变换，分析结果显示不同钻井中平三段沉积地层主要受405ka的长偏心率，131、99ka的短偏心率以及52ka的斜率周期所控制；选择控制平三段地层发育的主要米兰科维奇周期曲线，建立高分辨率天文年代标尺，进而对平三段地层进行高频层序划分，为平湖斜坡带高频层序单元对比框架的建立提供了一种新的有效方法。Abstract: Cyclical changes of climate owe its origin to cyclical changes in Earth orbit, which in turn have an effective impact on the pattern of stratigraphic sequence. During the depositional period of the Pinghu Formation, the East China Sea Continental Shelf Basin had suffered from a cold-hot alternating climate, as the records of sedimentation suggest. In this paper, we calculated the time of the variation of earth orbit parameters at the north latitude of 30°, during the time from 30~40.4Ma using the La(2004) calculation method to determine the theoretical time span of Milakovitch cycles. The 3rd Member of Pinghu Formation of the Pinghu Slope Belt is the marine sediments characterized by weak tectonic activity, stable sedimentation, similar physical properties and wide coverage. Therefore, it is selected from among others as the target layer to detect the spectrum of gamma data and analyze the one-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Our results show that the 3rd Member of Pinghu Formation is dominated by eccentricity cycles of 405ka、131ka、99ka and a slope cycle of 52ka. A high-resolution astronomical timescale is then established according to the cyclicity of the Milakovitch cycle curve. Upon the basis, the sequence stratigraphy of high-frequency cycle in the 3rd Member of Pinghu Formation is constructed. Facts prove that the case provides a new effective approach for stratigraphic division and correlation in the Baoyunting area of the Pinghu Slope Zone.
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图 1 研究区构造单元划分及取样井位置(据上海分公司研究院)
Figure 1. Tectonic map with sampling locations in research area (From the Research Institute of CNOOC Shanghai branch)
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图 2 宝云亭地区地层划分(据上海分公司研究院)
Figure 2. Stratigraphic column from Baoyunting area (From the Research Institute of CNOOC Shanghai branch)
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图 3 30~40.4Ma理论偏心率频谱分析及小波变换
(a)理论偏心率数据；(b)频谱分析；(c)小波分析
Figure 3. Spectrum analysis and wavelet transform of eccentricity data during 30~40.4Ma
(a)eccentricity data; (b)spectral analysis; (c)one-dimensional continuous wavelet transform
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图 4 30~40.4Ma期间主要理论偏心率周期变化曲线
Figure 4. Main theoretical eccentricity cycle curve during 30~40.4 Ma
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图 5 基于归一化、去噪处理后的B-1井频谱分析
(a)B-1井测井曲线GR数据；(b)归一化、去噪处理之后GR数据；(c)频谱分析，x轴表示频率，其倒数代表旋回厚度，y轴表示振幅，代表频率的显著程度
Figure 5. Spectrum analysis of well B-1 based on normalized and de-noised GR data
(a) GR data of B-1well; (b) normalized and de-noised GR data; (c) spectrum analysis, X axis represents frequency, the count backwards represents the cycle thickness, Y axis represents the spectral amplitude which represents the significant degree of frequency
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图 6 B-1井测井信号小波变换
(a)预处理之后B-1井测井GR数据，(b)小波变换能量图谱，(c)小波变换模均值曲线
Figure 6. Wavelte transform of B-1 logging signal
(a) normalized and de-noised GR data, (b) energy spectrum of wavelet transform, (c) modulus mean curve of wavelet transform
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图 7 B-1井平湖组三段天文年代标尺
Figure 7. Astronomical timescale of the 3rd Member of Pinghu Formation, B-1 well
表 1 平湖斜坡带30~40.4Ma理论地球轨道周期比值
Table 1 The ratio of theoretical orbital period during 30~40.4Ma in Pinghu slope zone
理论周期/ka 平湖斜坡带30~40.4Ma理论轨道周期比值 偏
心
率405 21.316 18.409 17.609 13.966 10.125 7.788 4.263 4.091 3.240 3.092 1.000 131 6.895 5.955 5.696 4.517 3.359 2.519 1.379 1.323 1.048 1.000 125 6.579 5.682 5.435 4.310 3.205 2.404 1.316 1.263 1.000 99 5.211 4.500 4.304 3.414 2.538 1.904 1.042 1.000 95 5.000 4.318 4.130 3.276 2.436 1.827 1.000 斜
率52 2.737 2.364 2.261 1.793 1.333 1.000 40 2.105 1.818 1.739 1.379 1.062 39 2.053 1.773 1.696 1.345 1.000 29 1.526 1.318 1.261 1.000 岁
差23 1.211 1.045 1.000 22 1.158 1.000 19 1.000 
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表 2 宝云亭地区平三段地层米氏旋回信息识别
Table 2 Identification of Milakovitch cycles for the 3rd Member of Pinghu Formation of Baoyunting area
井号 优势旋回厚度/m 优势旋回厚度比 米氏旋回厚度/m 斜率52ka 短偏心率99ka 短偏心率131ka 长偏心率405ka B-1 13/23/35.71/90.91 3/5/8/21 13 23 35.71 90.91 B-2 18.14/41.63/96.81 4/9/21 18.14 41.63 96.81 B-3 14/20.41/40/96.73 3/4.4/8.6/21 14 20.41 40 96.73 B-4 20.38/40/100 4.1/8.4/21 20.38 40 100
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