DISTRIBUTION OF GAS HYDRATE IN SHENHU AREA: IDENTIFIED WITH WELL LOG AND SEISMIC MULTI-ATTRIBUTES
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摘要: 我国在神狐海域钻探发现了高饱和度天然气水合物，由于该地区受迁移峡谷影响，水合物在空间的分布变化较大。本文把测井数据和地震数据相结合识别了BSR并解释了侵蚀面等层位，沿水合物稳定带底界提取多种属性，并对属性结果进行优化分析。发现振幅类属性对水合物显示较为敏感，不同站位水合物矿体展布特征不同。在W19井和SC-02井水合物矿体呈马蹄状分布，W18井矿体呈斑点状分布，分别位于埋藏水道天然堤的局部高点和水道头部高点上，矿体形态与构造高点形态一致。测井异常指示的水合物层在SC-02井伽马值较高，而W18和W19井水合物层伽马值较低，表明不同站位含水合物层泥质含量不同。而地震解释和属性分析发现水合物层位于一个规模较大的气烟囱构造上部，流体运移是控制该区域水合物成藏的重要条件，气体组成分析表明热成因气为水合物的成藏提供重要气源。Abstract: High quality gas hydrate samples have been successfully recovered from the Shenhu area, the northern slope of South China Sea. The spatial distribution of gas hydrate varies greatly owing to the complex fluid movement caused by lateral migration of canyons and gas chimneys. In this paper, we identified the BSR and erosional canyon surface with well logging and seismic data and the extracted multiple seismic attributes along the theoretical base of the gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ). It is found that the amplitude type of attributes are sensitive to gas hydrate after optimization of all extractable seismic attributes. Description of gas hydrate bodies suggests that the distribution pattern of gas hydrate changes from site to site. It is horseshoe-shaped at Site W19 and U-shaped and point-shaped at Site W18 respectively, depending upon the topography of the local structural high. Gas hydrate occurrences are inconsistent with lithology according to well log data. It is mainly distributed at the top of a large gas chimney structure. Fluid flow is an essential element for gas hydrate deposition in this area, and thermogenic gas contributes to higher gas hydrate saturation.
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Keywords:
- gas hydrate /
- attribute analysis /
- spatial distribution /
- erosion surface /
- Shenhu area
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图 2 a：过W18井区域地震剖面；b：过W19和W18井地震剖面
Figure 2. a: The regional seismic profile crossing site W18; b: The seismic profile crossing sites W18 and W19
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图 3 W18井、W19井和SC-02井纵波速度、伽马和电阻率测井曲线[36]
Figure 3. The well logs of sites W18, W19 and SC-02 showing the P-wave velocity, gamma ray, and resistivity
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图 4 a：侵蚀面层位时间图及埋藏水道；b-e：埋藏水道不同位置的横切地震剖面特征
Figure 4. a:Horizon of erosional surface and buried paleo-channel; b-e: The different seismic profiles showing the reflection characteristics of buried paleo-channel
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图 5 a：BGHSZ层位向上30 ms提取弧长属性；b：BGHSZ层位向上30 ms提取最大振幅属性；c：倾角体1 890 ms时间切片；d：RMS属性刻画的水合物分布范围
Figure 5. a:The maximum amplitude attribute map extracted for a time window 30 ms above the BGHSZ; b: The arc length attribute map extracted for a time window 30 ms above the BGHSZ; c: 1 890 ms time slide from dip cube; d: The RMS displays the distribution of gas hydrate
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图 7 a：过19井地震剖面显示气烟囱等构造；b：RMS属性刻画水合物体分布及水道形态展布
Figure 7. a:Seismic profile through Site W19 showing gas chimney structure; b:gas hydrate distribution and morphology of buried channels revealed by RMS amplitude attribute
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