Abstract: Abrupt global climate change and extreme weather occur frequently in recent decades, for which the greenhouse effect caused by excessive greenhouse gas emission shall be one of the responsible reasons. China is in the midst of economic transformation but is constrained by the energy structure, thus continuous use of fossil energy in large quantities is inevitable in the foreseeable future. Available geological data about the Pearl River Mouth Basin were collected and the evaluation indicators of carbon sequestration suitability in the E and D levels proposed by previous researchers were compared. Results show that the Pearl River Mouth Basin has a huge carbon sequestration potential and high suitability. Moreover, the carbon emission status quo and variation trend in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao, and Hainan were analyzed, by which we believed that the carbon emission sources in the four regions formed a good source-sink matching relationship with the carbon sequestration area in the Pearl River Mouth Basin. The implementation of carbon sequestration in the Pearl River Mouth Basin can not only achieve carbon neutrality in the four regions, but also maximize the benefits of oil and gas field development of the basin. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the geological conditions and source-sink matching of carbon sequestration in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.