韩佩恩. 海底地震仪数据处理及应用[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2016, 36(3): 161-170. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2016.03.016
引用本文: 韩佩恩. 海底地震仪数据处理及应用[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2016, 36(3): 161-170. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2016.03.016
HAN Peien. DATA PROCESSING METHODS OF OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMOGRAPH(OBS) AND APPLICATION[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2016, 36(3): 161-170. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2016.03.016
Citation: HAN Peien. DATA PROCESSING METHODS OF OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMOGRAPH(OBS) AND APPLICATION[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2016, 36(3): 161-170. DOI: 10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2016.03.016

海底地震仪数据处理及应用

DATA PROCESSING METHODS OF OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMOGRAPH(OBS) AND APPLICATION

  • 摘要: 海底地震仪(OBS)探测在国内进入了快速、自主发展的阶段,并得到广泛应用。目前国内OBS探测以国产仪器及国内科研队伍为主,主要用于海底地壳结构研究及海洋地震监测。介绍了国内OBS广角地震数据处理及速度成像的主要方法,并综合分析了前人提供的不同岩性纵横波速比特征。(1) OBS数据处理包括解编、裁截、时间和位置校正、水平分量旋转(横波处理特有)及其他增强信噪比、提高分辨率的过程。(2)利用rayinvr拟合来自不同界面的反射及折射纵横波,完成已识别震相的确认,得到合理的速度结构。(3)纵横波速比与岩性、孔隙填充物及孔隙度等压实因素息息相关。不同岩性的岩石Vp/Vs与波速的关系分布在不同的区间内,未压实的沉积层普遍具有较高的波速比,含有流体的岩石比含有气体的岩石泊松比要高。

     

    Abstract: OBS has been rapidly developed and widely used in China in the past years based on self-made instruments and own working teams under various sea conditions. It is used in the study of crustal structures and for earthquake monitoring in the ocean. In this paper, we put our focus on OBS data processing methods for speed imaging. The ratios of P-wave and S-wave of various lithology provided by previous studies are discussed. Data processing usually includes demultiple, time cutting, time and position correction, horizontal component rotation (mainly for shear wave processing) and others to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and to improve the resolution. Velocity model is built by Rayinvr, fitting the theoretical and observational travel time of reflection and refraction waves from different interface. Vp/Vs is closely related to lithology, pore filling material and porosity. Uncompacted deposits generally have a higher wave velocity ratio. Vp/Vs of the rock filled with fluids is higher than the one filled with gas due to a lower shear wave.

     

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